By Chris Edwards, with facilitator Robin McNallie
December 29, 2019

Music: “Auld lang Syne”
Hymn #95: “There is More Love Somewhere”

Chalice reading:   The Second Coming 
BY WILLIAM BUTLER YEATS

Turning and turning in the widening gyre   
The falcon cannot hear the falconer;
Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;
Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,
The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere   
The ceremony of innocence is drowned;
The best lack all conviction, while the worst   
Are full of passionate intensity.

Surely some revelation is at hand;
Surely the Second Coming is at hand.   
The Second Coming! Hardly are those words out   
When a vast image out of Spiritus Mundi
Troubles my sight: somewhere in sands of the desert   
A shape with lion body and the head of a man,   
A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun,   
Is moving its slow thighs, while all about it   
Reel shadows of the indignant desert birds.   
The darkness drops again; but now I know   
That twenty centuries of stony sleep
Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle,   
And what rough beast, its hour come round at last,   
Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?
1920   —   Source: The Collected Poems of W. B. Yeats (1989)

Script key: Words in plain black type were spoken by Chris Edwards
Words in boldface were spoken by Robin McNallie

A partial government shutdown was in effect when 2019 began – lasting 35 days, the longest in history. The current president wanted more money for his border wall.

Around the world this year, deadly earthquakes hit Chile and Albania. A cyclone in Mozambique killed 1,000. A volcano in Indonesia sent up a 7,000-meter ash column. A power outage affected 50 million in Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. Smoke from Amazon rainforests burning traveled 1,700 miles.

Two hundred people died in monsoon floods across India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan.After Hurricane Dorian, 1,300 were missing in the Bahamas. This month brought a typhoon in the Philippines, a landslide in Burundi, a volcano in New Zealand.

Some of the best-known people who died in 2019 were:

Authors: Toni Morrison
and Elizabeth Spenser
Poet Mary Oliver
Performers and other celebrities:
Peter Fonda
Diahann Carroll
Carol Channing
Andre Previn
Doris Day
Don Imus
Gloria Vanderbilt
Musical composer Jerry Herman
Newscaster Cokie Roberts
Psychologist-guru Ram Dass
Retired Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens
Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe’s former president
John Dingell of Michigan, longest-serving member of Congress (59 years)
Elijah Cummings, civil rights activist and Congressman from Baltimore (died in office)
Ross Perot, billionaire and 1992 presidential candidate
David Koch, a billionaire of Koch Brothers fame
Jeffrey Epstein — billionaire and convicted sexual predator, died in jail from alleged suicide
Ab? Bakr al-Baghdadi – head of ISIS, killed by US forces
Johan Baptist Metz, a priest and theologian who emphasized salvation “of the people, of the many” over individual salvation.

We listed deaths. Who was born? When new lives begin among the world’s 7.8 billion, we rarely know who will become world famous, or notorious. A likely exception is Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor, born May 6 to Prince Harry and Meghan Markle. Is such fame good luck, or a burden?

Rallies and marches are up. This year, on Harrisonburg’s Court Square, we marched for climate action, the ERA, immigration reform, rights of the Kurdish people, fair working conditions in poultry plants, building a new school, and opposing ICE policies.

After more than a year’s debate about building a second high school to relieve massive overcrowding at Harrisonburg High, city council this month voted 3-2 for an $87-million school, with athletics facilities included, to open in Fall 2022, south of Stone Spring Road between Main St. and 81. The tax rate must increase.

This month the Middle River Regional Jail approved a $96-million expansion.

By unanimous vote of its supervisors, Rockingham became a “2^nd Amendment sanctuary county,” meaning giving sanctuary not to people or other living things, which “sanctuary” traditionally means, but to guns. 90% of Virginia’s counties have done this. One, our neighboring Augusta County, thus became the subject of an article in an international news magazine, The Economist.

Once again our region becomes world-famous! But legal experts call the resolutions “largely symbolic.”

FUEGO (Friends United for Equity and Grassroots Organizing) formed this year out of concern over local expansion of the immigration enforcement agency, ICE, and to educate immigrants about their rights. The group protests the sheriff’s honoring “detainers,” federal orders to hold jail inmates for extra time if there is any question about their immigration status.  

A Restorative Justice program began getting underway in Harrisonburg. Activists continue to call for abolishing the dollar-a-day “keep fee” for jail inmates.

In August, the 400^th anniversary of the first enslaved people’s arrival in the New World was marked near the site, at Jamestown, Va., with somber reflections, celebrations of endurance and bells rung across the nation. Keynote speaker Gov. Ralph Northam had been disgraced in February when his medical school yearbook from 35 years ago seemed to show him in blackface. “I’ve had to confront some painful truths,” Northam said. He’s supporting LGBTQ protection, Confederate statues’ removal, and moderate gun control, which triggered that so-called sanctuary counties movement.

In November, Democrats swept both houses in the General Assembly, though Republican incumbents won locally.

Across America, unemployment is low; financial markets are doing well; but the FBI reported last month that hate crime violence hit a 16-year high. The 2019 deficit was recently reported as $984 billion — an increase of 68% since the current president took office. This Spring, 700K people will be taken off food stamps.

On our southern border, 69,550 children have been detained this year alone. Over the past 3 years, many were torn screaming from their parents, with some kept in miserable conditions. At least 7 children have died in custody. These events followed policy decisions by the president and his aides who said that making conditions harsh enough would prevent more of those aliens trying to come.

There have been some reforms, but as of October, the number of refugees admitted to the US dropped to zero for the first time in over 30 years.

A columnist said this past “teen” decade has brought “a surge in wokeness, but also white nationalism.” Access to more information promised to benefit democracy, but disinformation hurts it.

A New York Times article is entitled “No one believes anything.” It asks, How do you have a society without shared reference points? Will we give up trying to sort out the information bombardment?

“Autocracies that look like democracies are a threat,” reports journalist Richard Carney. Longtime rulers were ousted by popular demand in Algeria, Sudan and Bolivia, but Russia put down a rebellion in Georgia.

Since June, over a million people have protested in Hong Kong – first against proposed legislation  allowing extradition to China. Since that plan was withdrawn, protests continue over wider issues about regaining democracy in Hong Kong, despite flare-ups of violence.  

AND…  In April, after a two-year investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. elections, special prosecutor Robert Mueller neither exonerated nor charged the president, but concluded Russia has been interfering with our elections.

On Sept. 24, following a whistleblower’s tip that the president in July asked Ukraine to look for evidence against his political rival in return for weapons, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi announced the start of a formal impeachment inquiry against the president.

I try not to mention that person’s name. I’ll only quote Max Boot, a lifelong conservative, who criticizes Senate Republicans for protecting “a crude and cruel demagogue.”

On Oct. 31, the Washington Nationals defeated the Houston Astros to win their first World Series title!!!

Public impeachment hearings began Nov. 13.

We happened to be at the Kennedy Center, on Dec. 18, seeing “Come from Away,” a musical about the days after 9/11 when all flights were cancelled and the people of Gander, Newfoundland warmly welcomed and accommodated 7,000 stranded passengers. During the first song and dance, my iPhone dinged (I’d forgotten to turn it off). A two-word message on a news app read, TRUMP IMPEACHED. Everyone remembers where they were on 9/11. We’ll remember where we were on 12/18, too, with different feelings.

Nearly 30 Democratic candidates began debating in June for the presidential election. (Nov. 3, 2020.  Be there!) By December, seven remained qualified for the debate stage, based on measures of support: Biden, Buttigieg, Klobuchar, Sanders, Steyer, Warren and Yang. Yang, whose ancestry is Taiwanese, expressed disappointment with being the only non-white left, but more hope to return.

No consistent frontrunner has emerged, but for the first time, we have heard a candidate speaking for “the religious left,” another looking ahead to address the colossal unemployment that technological wonders may bring, and everyone wanting to fight climate change and provide health care for all, though details get confusing. My personal disclosure: I’m convinced that whatever their flaws, each of these major candidates has good human qualities and a commitment to democracy. Virginia will vote in the Super Tuesday primaries March 3.

Several Republicans hope to challenge the incumbent for their party’s nomination, but some states’ GOP officials have cancelled primaries and caucuses at the apparent request of that incumbent, who hints at maybe remaining in office for life.

A British report says freedom of expression has reached a ten-year low globally, due to “digital authoritarianism” and threats against journalists. Even efforts by social media to fend off misinformation and cyber-bullying can themselves suppress expression.

Twenty-one journalists were killed around the world, 10 murdered.

But that was the lowest number killed in 17 years.

This month, Saudi Arabia convicted and sentenced suspects in the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi, but the crown prince believed to have ordered it never faced trial. In September, our President sent missiles and 200 troops to Saudi Arabia following an attack on its oil refineries.

During Holy Week, a fire engulfed Notre–Dame Cathedral in Paris, resulting in the roof and main spire collapsing. This week, we learned that the cathedral’s main structure may be too damaged to save.

Overseas disasters killed 346 passengers in the two Boeing 737 MAX airliners, and 51 worshippers in terrorist attacks on mosques in New Zealand by an Australia-born gunman. (1.5 million videos of that rampage were posted on Facebook before it disabled them.) In Khartoum, Sudan, 100 protesters were massacred.  

The most deadly among this year’s American shootings: In May, a Virginia Beach city employee killed 12 people, prompting Gov. Northam to propose the gun reforms. In August, 22 were killed by a shooter in E Paso, followed the next day by a shooting in Dayton, OH, killing 10.

Scientists from the Event Horizon Telescope project announced the first ever image of a black hole, located in the centre of the M87 galaxy.

Voters in the UK supported breaking from the European Union (Brexit) in 2016, but 400,000 marched this year in central London to protest it. Nevertheless, Boris Johnson, who is pro-Brexit, was elected Prime Minister after Theresa May resigned. Some commentators fear Brexit will weaken England, especially if Scotland and Northern Ireland choose to remain in the EU.

Fossil fragments found in the Callao Cave in the Philippines reveal the existence of a formerly unknown human species. Homo luzonensis is named after the island where it was discovered, Luzon.

A New York Times investigation this Fall revealed that Russian planes bombed at least 50 hospitals and clinics in Syria.

Severe human rights violations have been reported in Chile.

The Gaza–Israel conflict escalated when the Israeli military launched airstrikes into Gaza, killing innocent civilians, after two soldiers were injured from Gazan sniper fire. But in a relatively quiet season, Christmas tourism was predicted to increase.

The 2019 FIFA soccer Women’s World Cup, held in France, was won by the United States.  Team members protested being paid less than our less-successful men’s soccer team. 

“Dozens rally for Equal Rights Amendment” was the top headline in the Dec. 6 DN-R.

The ERA was treated as a dead issue since the ‘80s until its recent revival.

Virginia will be the final state needed to ratify it, if the General Assembly does next month.

But 3 states have filed suit questioning its legality.  

The European Parliament elected the first woman, Ursula von der Leyen as President of the European Commission.

This year for the first time, women slightly outnumber men in American medical schools.

Wikipedia’s 2019 news timeline includes a number of countries’ reforms in policy toward LGBTQ citizens, ranging from ceasing their execution to allowing same-sex marriage.

Vocabulary issues: A headline last week about “Merriam-Webster’s word of the year” meant acceptance of the pronoun “they,” in lieu of she or he, for people who do not identify with a gender. But some biased language has made gains, such as the expression, “OK, Boomer.” [If anyone says that to me, I can tell them I’m too old, by a few months, to be a Boomer. I’m a Silent, who dislikes stereotyping.]

India eliminated triple talaq – a practice that allowed a man to divorce his wife by saying “I divorce you” 3 times.

NASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Christina Koch conducted the first all-female spacewalk.

Abortion became legal in the Republic of Ireland. Research is underway for a once-a-month birth control pill.

Books have arrived this year by Bill Bryson about the human body, David Maraniss about his father’s trouble in the “Red Scare,” Toni Morrison’s final book, a memoir; journalist David Rezaian’s about his year and a half in an Iranian prison, Margaret Atwood’s sequel to “The Handmaid’s Tale,” and Stephen King’s “The Institute,” a dark fantasy reminiscent of real horror on our border.  

Avengers: Endgame became the highest grossing movie of all time.

This year has produced some movies about heroes: Bruce Springsteen in “Blinded by the Light,” Mr. Rogers in “A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood,” and going deeper, Harriet Tubman in “Harriet” — the fearless woman born into slavery who helped many others escape. (Her portrait was in line for placement on the $20 bill in 2020, the 100^th anniversary of women’s suffrage, until treasury secretary Mnuchin nixed it until at least 2028.)

In September, 500,000 people marched in a climate  protest led by Greta Thunberg, the 16-year-old activist from Sweden, and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in Montreal. Four million went on strike around the world.

The Republic of Ireland promised to plant 440 million trees in twenty years.

The weather agency NOAA reported that July 2019 was the hottest month on record globally. At the international conference on global warming, this month in Madrid, UN Sec-Gen Antonio Guterres reported that “the last 5 years have been the hottest ever recorded. Sea levels are the highest in human history.”

Biodiversity loss was reported “accelerating”, with over a million species threatened by extinction, largely from human actions.

According to a Washington Post editorial this week: If nations met their Paris climate commitments, which several big emitters, including the US, have not, the world will have a good chance of limiting warming to 3 degrees C by 2100. That would still “not be pleasant,” with mosquito-borne illnesses and other ordeals.

One positive: the cost of renewables has recently plummeted.

Russia this year adopted the Paris agreement, from which the US president is in the process of removing our nation.

Astronomers announced the detection of water in the atmosphere of exoplanet K2-18b, the first such discovery for an exoplanet in the habitable zone around a star.

Oh – and our government is on high alert until New Years Day about the “Christmas gift” that Kim Jong-Un hinted North Korea would send the US.

But remember the president once said he and Kim had fallen in love? Not to worry!

This year the last Volkswagen Beetle rolled off the line in Puebla, Mexico, and the Thomas Cook agency – of Cook’s Tours fame – went bankrupt, stranding 600,000 tourists.

This month a cave painting was found in Indonesia that archaeologists call the “oldest story ever told.” The hunting scene with supernatural beings may date back 44,000 years – some of the earliest figurative art known anywhere.

Preserving it may be tough, however. The surface of the cave is peeling, due to local pollution, climate change affecting the seasons, or both.

by Sasha Rosser
October 13, 2019

This service is available to watch on YouTube in two parts.

September 29, 2019
By Linda Dove

Let’s now continue meditating on the season this lovely autumn morning. As the late Mary Oliver wrote:

Another year nearly gone, leaving everywhere
its rich spiced residues: vines, leaves,

the uneaten fruits crumbling damply
in the shadows,…

My hope is that today we savor the moods that the season evokes in us. We’ll use the power of poetry to put us in touch with autumn’s beauty, its significance in the cycle of the seasons, and what I call its fragile holiness.

The late UU poet, Mark Doty, wrote that a still-life painting is a dialogue between the painter and the observer. The painter’s wish is that every still-life object is transformed into live feelings in us— smiles of pleasure, perhaps, or tears evoked by memories. In paying attention to how we respond, he says, we come to know ourselves more clearly.

This, I think, is as true for the language of poetry as for the visual arts. Poetry’s power can be felt like a glow in the heart or a kick in the gut. When a poem speaks to us emotionally we come closer to knowing who we are by our visceral responses to it.

Theme 1: Autumnal Beauty

First and foremost, the glory of autumn catches the attention of all of us and inspires poets.

In 1819, John Keats wrote a letter to a friend after harvest. ”How beautiful the season is now, he wrote. How fine the air — a temperate sharpness about it . . . . I never liked stubble-fields so much as now . . . . Somehow, a stubble plain looks warm, in the same way that some pictures look warm. This struck me so much in my Sunday’s walk that I composed upon it.”

That walk inspired a poem and you alI recognize the famous first lines? “Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness, Close bosom friend of the maturing sun.”

David is going to read for us the later part of that poem, To Autumn.

…Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are they?
Think not of them, thou hast thy music too,—
While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day,
And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;
Then in a wailful choir the small gnats mourn
Among the river sallows, borne aloft
Or sinking as the light wind lives or dies;
And full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn;
Hedge crickets sing; and now with treble soft
The redbreast whistles from a garden-croft,
And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.

To Autumn: John Keats

Robin taught this poem for many years and will be happy to tell you more about it if you ask him.

Of course, Autumn poetry has usually been about the beauty of the rural countryside and today this is fast disappearing. I suggest we now need more poems about autumn for city dwellers.

Theme 2: Seasonal Cycle

Many poems remind us of the seasonal circling from the new life of spring, to the energy of summer, to the transition of autumn, into the resting phase of winter.

When we were lighting the chalice, Robin read to us the first stanza of Immortal Autumn, a poem by Archie MacLeish. Chris is now going to read the rest of that poem for us (entire poem below).

I speak this poem now with grave and level voice
In praise of autumn, of the far-horn-winding fall.

I praise the flower-barren fields, the clouds, the tall
Unanswering branches where the wind makes sullen noise.

I praise the fall: it is the human season.
Now no more the foreign sun does meddle at our earth,
Enforce the green and bring the fallow land to birth,
Nor winter yet weigh all with silence the pine bough,

But now in autumn with the black and outcast crows
Share we the spacious world: the whispering year is gone:
There is more room to live now: the once secret dawn
Comes late by daylight and the dark unguarded goes.

Between the mutinous brave burning of the leaves
And winter’s covering of our hearts with his deep snow
We are alone: there are no evening birds: we know
The naked moon: the tame stars circle at our eaves.

It is the human season. On this sterile air
Do words outcarry breath: the sound goes on and on.
I hear a dead man’s cry from autumn long since gone.
I cry to you beyond upon this bitter air.

Immortal Autumn: Archibald MacLeish

Autumn as Fall

Autumn isn’t called Fall for nothing here in the USA. The term comes from an ancient Germanic root and was once the common word for autumn in Britain, though no longer. Poetry is full of Fall symbolism. [François-René de] Chateaubriand wrote a prose poem as part of his Memoirs from the After-Life (Mémoires d’Outre-Tombe) in which Fall symbolizes how we often feel about our own lives. Elizabeth will read this in translation.

A moral character is attached to autumnal scenes;
the leaves falling like our years,
the flowers fading like our hours,
the clouds fleeting like our illusions,
the light diminishing like our intellect,
the sun growing colder like our affections,
the rivers becoming frozen like our lives—
all bear secret relations to our destinies.

Memoirs from the After-Life: Chateaubriand

And Dylan Thomas expressed a similar feeling in a metaphor in his Poem in October.

. . . And I rose
In rainy autumn
And walked abroad in a shower of all my days . . . .

I don’t know precisely what Thomas meant by “ in a shower of all my days” but somehow I can feel the soft rain falling on my head and the feelings Thomas put into those few words.

Theme 3: Transitional Change and Dissolution

The lyric poet Gregory Orr (UVA) describes the roles words play in helping us process painful emotions such as insecurity, sadness or grief. He calls this the existential necessity of poetry.

Autumn is the season when poets ask us to face change and dissolution as an inevitable part of life. Nancy Barbour will read a poem by Robert Frost that symbolizes this theme.

Nature’s first green is gold,
Her hardest hue to hold.
Her early leaf’s a flower;
But only so an hour.
Then leaf subsides to leaf.
So Eden sank to grief,
So dawn goes down to day.
Nothing gold can stay. 

Nothing Gold Can Stay: Robert Frost

Theme 4: Autumn and Climate

Many poets are writing now about the seasonal Fall as symbolic of climate change. An entire website has sprung up devoted to modifications of classic poems so that they address climate change. We only have time for one of these, an amusing and horrifying play on The Wild Swans at Coole by William Butler Yeats. Beryl will read.

The trees are in their autumn beauty,
The woodland paths are dry,
The woodland paths are way too dry.
It hasn’t rained in like two months;
There should be a lake here with
Brimming water and swans among the stones . . . .
My God they’re all dead.
Nine and fifty dehydrated, dead swans.

The Wild Swans at Coole: William Butler Yeats

Poetry, what have you done?

You probably know that the DMS Manual 5 (for mental illness diagnosis and treatment) has a new classification. It labels the extreme grief many people are suffering over climate change as a mental health condition. Here is a cathartic little Elegy for the Planet. Trudy will read.

 Earth Elegy
With no heart or mind for Earth’s sanctity
we roll time down treacherous paths,
driving the years to uncertainty.

Tree canopies strive to stand tall sentry
shielding the endangered soil,
reverencing its fertility.

But we hear the moans of choking skies.
We witness quakes and seas that roil,
cracks in ice as waters rise.

We must begin to listen to Earth’s gasping sighs
or we will leave behind this epitaph:
Humans neglected with All Life to empathize.

Martin Rowson is a British satirist and cartoonist for the Guardian newspaper. He says the term climate change does not kick us hard enough in the butt. So he proposes instead the term climate collapse. We’re looking at ‘systemic collapse’, he says,…our lungs collapse, financial systems collapse, and we collapse in exhaustion at the end of a difficult day. He thinks people can relate to that. He hopes this term will take off and help spur us to action. I think a poem entitled Climate Collapse is waiting to be written.

Theme 5: Poetry as Communal Pondering

Today the many voices of Black Lives Matter and MeToo poets are having a lot of impact, especially through the internet and live performances. The poets hope their words can help change our conversations about race and sexual violence, which in turn can help change our culture, and then our behavior and practices.

The poet Marilyn Nelson said that in “communal pondering” through reading poems together people can get a sense of collective connection. (I guess this would be much like, in earlier times, gathering round the piano to sing together). My hope is that, by making poetry more accessible and appealing to direct experience, poets can help everyone ponder on the beauty of the autumn, the meaning in the seasonal cycles, and the fragility of the holy planet. For this, as Mark Doty might have said, we need to pay attention so that all life does not become still life. We need to do everything we can to prevent our autumns collapsing into permanent winter.

Harrisonburg Unitarian Universalist Flower Communion
May 5, 2019
Facilitator: Martha Sider

The title of today’s service is taken from the song “ White Coral Bells” You’ll find it printed on the insert to the OOS. White coral bells upon a slender stalk, Lilies of the Valley deck my garden walk… I, like many children, was introduced to this song at summer camp, Kenbrook Bible Camp. And yes, at that camp we sang mainly specifically Christian songs around the campfire, but this song I learned with a group of girls in the cabin with our counselor at lights out time. We sang it as a round, our little girl voices joined together, and I loved being a part of that community. Many years later, the Lilies of the Valley in my garden today are a gift of this community shared from Cathy and Charlie’s garden.

Lilies of the Valley hold much significance around the world – they are said to bring luck, used in weddings to symbolize purity, in Christian lore (mentioned 15 times in the Bible) used to symbolize tears (Eve’s, the Virgin Mary’s, Mary Magdalene’s at the cross of Jesus) and in some folklore they are believed to protect from evil spirits, charm against witches spells and considered the flowers of the fairies, their tiny bells used as cups from which to drink. Some in European countries hold the belief that Lilies of the Valley prompt visions of heaven.

However, aside from folklore, I think these beautiful, sweetly scented flowers call us to an awareness of our HUU community.

• Lilies of the Valley form extensive colonies by spreading underground. New shoots are formed at the ends of stolons, but they stay connected to the other shoots underground.
• They are complex, holding together in one stalk the poisonous and the healing.
• They are strong, returning year after year, pushing through the darkness, the layers of earth and the mulch that may have been heaped upon them.
• They are also delicate, susceptible to the stress of high temperatures and in need of the sheltering shade of other garden plants.

We are the lilies of the Shenandoah Valley, white coral bells. “Oh, don’t you wish that you could hear them ring? That will happen only when the fairies sing.” In this religious community where as we often sing “we seek elusive answers to the questions of this life” and can claim that “even to question, truly is an answer,” that will happen only when we open ourselves to the experience of transcending wonder and mystery.

Today our four readers will offer words that hopefully inspire us to seek the “direct experience of that transcending mystery and wonder” stated as one of the many sources from which we draw. [Read more…]

by Nancy Barbour
April 14, 2019

On Children (from The Prophet by Kahlil Gibran)

Your children are not your children.
They are the sons and daughters of
Life’s longing for itself.
They come through you but not from you,
And though
they are with you yet they belong not to you.

You may give them your love but not your thoughts,
For they have their
own thoughts.
You may house their bodies but not their souls,
For their souls
dwell in the house of tomorrow,
which you cannot visit, not even in your dreams.
You may strive to be like them,
but seek not to make them like you.
For life
goes not backward nor tarries with yesterday.

You are the bows from which your children
as living arrows are sent forth.
The archer sees the mark upon the path of the infinite,
and He bends you with
His might
that His arrows may go swift and far.
Let your bending in the archer’s
hand be for gladness;
For even as He loves the arrow that flies,
so He loves
also the bow that is stable.

Introduction

These words from Kahlil Gibran will frame what I have to share with you today. They provide an image of the child as a powerful human being. Though I am not a parent, I have spent most of the last 35 years as an Early Childhood Education scholar studying how children grow and learn and how families in the US and abroad support and care for their children. As an early childhood teacher educator, I advocate for best practice so that all children can succeed in the world. I have long been a champion for children, but my concern for what is happening on our border with young children being separated from their families makes me feel angry, helpless, and unsettled. I am well aware of the lifelong impact on children when they are separated from their families. And I worry about what we are doing to children who have already been up-rooted from their homes and countries, not having a say in their fate. I will share with you information on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children (UNCRC), a document completed in 1989 (an abbreviated version is what you have in your hand). This convention clearly defines children’s rights that are guaranteed. I will use this document to examine how the separation and warehousing of children on our southern border challenges these rights. I have struggled in preparing this service because I don’t want it to be a class lecture, but more of an unburdening and sharing of my passion to protect children’s rights.  [Read more…]

J. Barkley Rosser, Jr.
February 24, 2019

Defining Reflexivity

• The word “reflexivity” comes from the Latin “reflectare,” which means “bending back,” as does light when it reflects off a mirror.
• In 1938 sociologist Robert K. Merton wrote about it arguing that an intellectual should reflect on their position in the world and how it affects their ideas and how their ideas affect it, with this mutual going back and forth key to reflexivity. He also discovered the idea of “self-fulfilling prophecies,” where if we all think something will happen we may all act to make it happen.
• Merton influenced philosopher Karl Popper who in the 1950s taught financier George Soros about reflexivity, which became the basis of his theory of investing, eventually becoming a billionaire. Drawing on ideas from economist John Maynard Keynes, Soros agrees with the self-fulfilling prophecy idea of Merton and argues that we act on the basis of what we think others are thinking, who also act on how we are thinking, all reflecting each other.
• The first figure above, “Drawing Hands,” by Maurits C. Escher (1948) shows the basic idea of reflexivity. We see a print of a drawing about drawing with the two hands mutually creating and reflecting each other wirth their drawing. It is popular with reflexivists.

Reflexivity in Velasquez’s “Las Meninas”

• The second slide above shows “Las Meninas” (“The Ladies in Waiting”) by Diego Velasquez da Silva (1656), which hangs in the Prado in Madrid and is considered by many to be the greatest painting in Spain. It shows the daughter of King Philip IV with her ladies to the right and other court figures. On the left is a self-portrait of Velasquez painting an unseen painting. On the back wall is a mirror with murky images of the king and queen.
• Economic philosopher John B. Davis sees three levels of reflexivity in this painting. One is immanent, the self-referencing that it is a painting about painting. Another is epistemic, that it shows the painter knowingly painting a painting about painting. Finally there is the transcendent, the entrance of those outside the painting, notably the king and queen in the mirror, presumably outside the painting looking in.
• It has long been argued that Velasquez is painting the king and queen, but in 1893, French novelist André Gide argued that he was painting the painting, which he called mise en abyme, “into the abyss,” which has become a post-modernist form of literary analysis focusing on images of self-referencing images in the deconstruction of art.

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By B. Don Franks,
February 10, 2019

[I thought that it might be interesting to talk about Arkansas and Georgia in the 50s and 60s when some of the legal basis for Jim Crow was being dismantled with the Brown vs Board of Education Supreme Court Decision and the Civil Rights Act being passed Given the recent revelations about our Governor and Attorney General in the 80s, it appears that someone growing up in Virginia 25-30 years later would also have some stories.]

1. Atmosphere
2. Personal experiences
3. Positive influences
4. Positive changes
5. Critique of 2019
6. Next steps

Atmosphere

I was born in 1938 and lived in several towns in Arkansas until the early 60s. In this “last” part of the Jim Crow era, Whites controlled all aspects of life, including politics, education, courts, and financial affairs. We were kept separate from Blacks (except for the servants). There was no mixing of the races in schools, cafes, parties, & churches. We did include Blacks in our lives, Little Black Sambo was read to children; Amos and Andy watched on TV; and when a decision had to be made, the following was used: “Ennie, minnie, mighty mo, catch a N(word) by the toe—if he hollers, make him pay $50 every day.”

“The “public” swimming pools, golf courses, and parks.were for Whites only. In some cases there would be a separate Black public facility such as a park, but it would be inferior to the White one. As you have heard, there were White and Colored water fountains, in addition to White men, White women, and Colored restrooms.

I remember three incidents that illustrate the separate, but unequal, aspects of this time. I was playing with a baseball team, when some Black kids came by and challenged us to a game. When we asked our coach if we could play them, he answered, “No if we let them play baseball with us, then the next thing they will want to go swimming in “our swimming pool.” My friends and I could watch ball games at the Black school and sit wherever we wanted. There was a small separate section for Blacks that wanted to watch our games, and of course, they could only sit in the baloney at the movies. The Assistant Superintendent of Schools spoke to my Civics class, asking us to be careful with our books, because when we got new ones, our old ones went to the Colored school. He also explained that a Black teacher with the exact education and years of experience would make hundreds of dollars less than our White teacher confirming the Supreme Court Decision that Separate was Unequal.  [Read more…]